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about the only reason you would have to put in a sub-panel is to make the "home runs" "shorter." or the need for more circuits than the 40 circuits in a main 200 amp (or higher) panel. I had wired a house in massachusetts that was 80 feet long and 50 feet wide. the main panel was in one corner of the basement. what that means is each home run back to the panel would have to be 80 plus feet. so the kitchen had a sub panel, the garage had a sub panel and the out-building had a sub-panel. any sub-panel feed is a four wire - isolated neutral and an auxillary ground bar inside. you could use a sub in your location with a #8/4 romex feeding it. would be protected by a double pole 40 breaker.
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