rgnatowsky
Changing the flapper is extremely easy but before you begin you will need to check inside your tank and see which mount style you have.
Most flush valves now have two little plastic arms that extend out each side of the flush valve overflow pipe. The flapper ball mounting arms simply snap on those hanger arms, however some older style flush valves have a ring mount like pictured in the illustration below.
If you have the ring mount you will need to replace it with the same style.
To replace the flapper first locate the toilet water supply line (under left side of the tank) and turn the angle stop supply valve off.
Flush the toilet to get the water out of the tank.
RING MOUNT STYLE- unhook the small diameter "Trap Primer" water line from the top of the standpipe. Slide the old flapper up and off the standpipe. Now gently stretch the mount ring of the new flapper and fit it around the standpipe and slide it down into place. Be very careful to make sure the flapper is lined up so the center of the flapper ball is centered on the opening of the flush valve seat. Carefully adjust the height of the mount ring so the flapper is laying flat on the flush valve seat when at rest.
HANGER ARM STYLE: unhook the flapper mounts from the plastic mount arms and attach the new flapper back in the same postition.
ADJUSTING THE CHAIN LENGTH: On the upper end of the flapper ball chain you will find a small "Safety Pin" type spring clip. Attach the clip near the end of the flush handle arm then let the flush arm fall down to its at rest position and note the length of the chain. The chain should have about one chain link of slack when the flush arm is at rest. If the length is not correct simply unhook the chain and move the hook to the appropriate link to set the slack.
Lift the flapper ball up and examine the seat on the flush valve by rubbing a finger nail along the top surface. If it feels rough or seems to have scale or bits of old flapper ball rubber stuck to it, gently scrape that off and lightly sand the surface with a piece of emery paper to burnish it smooth.
Some all rubber flapper balls have both the ring mount and the arm mounts. When attaching those to the arm mounts you must first cut the mount ring off but do not cut the flapper ball mounts, just cut the ring out of the center.
If you know the Gallon per flush rating of your toilet you can get the all rubber type flapper balls for about $1.50 (The package should be labelled either 4+GPF, 3.5GPF or 1.6GPF..(GPF = gallons per flush).
If you don't know the rating of your toilet and if you have the hanger arms you can get the Fluidmaster ajustable type. The adjustable type has a rigid plastic mounting frame that snaps on the hanger arms, then the rubber ball can be rotated to adjust the GPF for your toilet. (The Ajustable type is about $4.98)
When using the all rubber type I prefer the "Korky" brand because they are very inexpensive but have a good service life. The "Korky" flappers are made in both Black and Red rubber, the Red Rubber seem to have a bit better service life.